Owning a heat pump is the norm for many homeowners in New Zealand, providing both efficient heating in winter and cooling in summer. But like any machine with lots of moving parts, heat pumps need regular maintenance to get the most out of them.. Many homeowners wonder, "Can I service my heat pump myself, or should I call a professional?" As a company that has been in the industry helping thousands of people maintain their heat pump system over the last decade or so, we’ve amassed a good deal of experience and this article shares some useful tips around what you can safely do yourself to maintain your heat pump, what tasks require professional attention, and how routine servicing impacts cost and reliability.
The Importance of Regular Heat Pump Maintenance
Whether you're considering a new heat pump or already own one, you'll want to keep it running smoothly to maximise its lifespan and avoid unexpected repairs. In New Zealand, where there is a broad range of temperatures as well as challenging external conditions (think sulphur and sea spray), keeping your heat pump well-maintained helps it to deal with these conditions.
Heat pumps that are not regularly maintained may lose efficiency, consume more energy, or even break down, leading to costly repairs or replacements. Regular heat pump servicing keeps your heat pump performing at its best, contributing to lower energy bills, better air quality, and a longer lifespan.
What Can You Safely Do Yourself?
For homeowners looking to save on servicing costs, there are several straightforward maintenance tasks you can handle on your own. These tasks do not require special tools or expertise, making them safe for most people.
Clean or Replace Air Filters: One of the simplest yet most impactful DIY maintenance tasks is cleaning or replacing the air filters. Dirty filters can restrict airflow, forcing your heat pump to work harder and reducing efficiency. Most heat pumps have easily accessible filters that can be gently removed, washed with mild soap and water, and air-dried before reinserting.
Tip: Aim to clean filters every 1-2 months, especially if you have pets or allergies. This is usually a straightforward task for highwall heat pumps or split systems.
NB: If you own the Fujitsu Nocria, be especially vigilant about ensuring the filters are put back the correct way.
Keep Outdoor Units Clear from Obstructions: The outdoor unit of your heat pump needs adequate airflow to operate effectively. Over time, grass, bushes, leaves, or buckets and toys, can accumulate around the unit, impacting performance. Clear any obstructions around the unit, and gently hose it down to remove dust, algae and dirt buildup. Ensure the power is off before cleaning. Treat any rust spots with a corrosion inhibitor
Check for Unusual Sounds or Smells: Take note of any unusual noises or odours coming from your heat pump. Whistling, grinding, or hissing sounds could indicate a problem, while a musty smell may suggest mould or bacteria growth. While these issues probably require professional attention, knowing when something is off can help you catch potential problems early.
Monitor Energy Bills for Sudden Spikes: If you notice a sudden increase in your energy bill, as one of the largest electrical appliances in your home, your heat pump might be responsible. Monitoring your energy usage helps you spot issues early. If there's an unexplained spike in your usage and there is no obvious reason, it may be time to call a technician to check for potential issues.
While these DIY tasks are safe and effective for keeping your heat pump clean and efficient, certain maintenance tasks require a professional's experience to diagnose the issue and expertise to fix it.
Why Professional Servicing is Necessary
While there are DIY steps you can take to care for your heat pump, certain technical tasks are best left to qualified HVAC professionals. Attempting complex repairs on your own may risk voiding the warranty, damaging the system, or even posing safety hazards.
Deep Cleaning of Coils and Components: The coils inside your heat pump play a crucial role in heat transfer. Over time, they can accumulate dust and grime, reducing efficiency. Professionals have specialised tools and cleaning solutions to safely clean the coils and other internal components, restoring the system to near-new performance.
Checking and Refilling Refrigerant Levels: Refrigerant is essential for heat pumps to cool and heat effectively. Low refrigerant levels can result in poor performance, freezing, or even compressor damage. Only qualified and licensed technicians should handle refrigerants as proper training and equipment are required. A technician will also check for leaks and ensure the system is sealed properly.
Inspecting Electrical Connections and Controls: A qualified electrician will examine all electrical components, including connections, fuses, and circuits, to ensure they are functioning safely and efficiently. Loose or faulty electrical connections can lead to breakdowns, which is why it's essential to let an expert handle this part of the service.
Calibrating the Thermostat: If your thermostat isn't accurately measuring room temperature, your heat pump could be overworking, resulting in higher energy bills. During a professional service, technicians can recalibrate the thermostat for accurate readings, optimising your comfort and energy efficiency.
Verifying System Safety Features: Heat pumps, like pressure and temperature controls, include various safety features to prevent overheating and system failures. Professionals will test these features to ensure they're functioning correctly, providing peace of mind that your heat pump is operating safely.
Service Cost Comparison: DIY vs. Professional Servicing
While DIY maintenance can help you save on minor servicing costs, there are advantages to scheduling a professional service at least once a year. Here's a breakdown of common DIY tasks versus professional servicing and how each impacts your budget and system longevity.
While DIY tasks like filter cleaning are cost-effective and keep your system running smoothly in the short term, professional servicing ensures comprehensive checks, helping to prevent costly breakdowns and extend your heat pump's lifespan.
DIY vs. Professional: Key Considerations
For some homeowners, the cost savings of DIY maintenance are attractive, especially if their heat pump is relatively new. However, a balance between DIY and professional servicing can deliver better results, especially for units older than 5 years. Here are some factors to consider:
Warranty Requirements: Many manufacturers require maintenance to keep the warranty valid. Be sure to check your warranty conditions to avoid voiding coverage.
Long-Term Costs: Regular professional maintenance can prevent small issues from becoming major (and costly) repairs. Think of it as an investment in the long-term health of your heat pump.
Safety and Efficiency: Professional servicing ensures your system operates safely and at maximum efficiency, which is crucial in New Zealand's variable climate conditions.
Pros and Cons of DIY Heat Pump Service
Before diving into heat pump maintenance tasks, it’s essential to weigh the benefits and potential drawbacks of a DIY approach. While there are clear advantages, some limitations make professional servicing advisable.
Pros of DIY Heat Pump Service
Cost Savings: The most immediate advantage of DIY maintenance is the reduction in service expenses. Homeowners can carry out basic tasks, like filter cleaning and debris removal around the outdoor unit, without needing professional assistance, which saves on routine maintenance costs.
Convenience and Frequency: By performing simple tasks regularly, homeowners can ensure that their heat pump remains free of dirt, debris, and minor obstructions. This proactive approach allows for frequent, small adjustments rather than waiting for a scheduled professional service, potentially catching minor issues early.
Increased Familiarity with the System: Regular DIY maintenance provides homeowners with a basic understanding of their heat pump's operation. This familiarity can make it easier to recognise when the system is not functioning as expected, allowing homeowners to notice irregularities early and seek professional help if necessary.
Improved Efficiency Between Professional Services: With consistent DIY attention to easily accessible components, such as filters, the heat pump can operate more efficiently. Keeping filters clean, for example, minimises strain on the system and supports more effective heating or cooling until the next scheduled professional check.
Cons of DIY Heat Pump Service
Limited Effectiveness on Technical Issues: While DIY maintenance covers basic tasks, it cannot address deeper technical issues that might be developing within the system. Tasks such as checking refrigerant levels, inspecting internal electrical connections, and cleaning the heat exchanger coils require specialised skills and tools. Attempting to perform these tasks without professional training may lead to ineffective or even damaging outcomes.
Risk of Voiding Warranty: Many heat pump manufacturers stipulate that certain repair tasks be performed by licensed professionals to maintain warranty coverage. Attempting advanced DIY servicing and repairs, particularly on critical system components, can inadvertently void the warranty, potentially leading to high costs if major repairs become necessary.
Safety Risks: Heat pumps involve electrical components, refrigerants, and complex mechanical parts. Without proper training, attempting to handle certain aspects of the system can pose safety hazards, including electrical shocks, refrigerant exposure, or accidental damage to parts. Professional technicians are trained to manage these risks with appropriate equipment and safety protocols.
Reduced Efficiency and Potential System Strain: Improper DIY servicing can sometimes lead to unintended system strain. For example, if the air filters are not properly reinstalled after cleaning, the system may experience restricted airflow, leading to inefficiency or overheating. Such issues might not be immediately noticeable but can gradually degrade the system’s performance over time.
Hidden Costs of Neglected Maintenance: While DIY servicing can save money upfront, it may lead to hidden costs if essential checks are missed. Minor issues that go unnoticed due to a lack of comprehensive inspection may escalate into major repairs, ultimately offsetting any initial savings. Professional servicing can uncover and address these issues early, helping avoid larger expenses down the line.
Finding the Right Balance
Can you service your heat pump yourself? For some basic maintenance tasks, absolutely. Cleaning filters, clearing debris, and listening for unusual sounds are all things homeowners can manage to keep their heat pump in good shape. However, to maintain reliability and maximise lifespan, professional servicing is your best bet. Trained technicians can identify hidden issues, calibrate your system, and ensure essential safety features are functional.
Finding the right balance between DIY and professional servicing allows you to keep your heat pump running efficiently, extend its lifespan, and avoid unexpected costs. If you're unsure about your heat pump's current state or it's been a while since its last professional check, it may be time to book an appointment with a licensed HVAC technician. Jump on our service booking form or call our friendly team at 0800 ONEAIR (663247).